When nailing pieces together in a wooden container, which area provides the least amount of nail retention?

Nailing into end grain provides the least amount of nail retention due to the structure and orientation of the wood fibers. When nails are driven into end grain, they encounter the wood's growth rings, which are oriented vertically. This orientation offers less resistance and limited anchoring capability for the nail, leading to a weaker hold. The compressed fibers do not grip the nail shank effectively as they would in other areas, resulting in the potential for nails to pull out more easily.

In contrast, midgrain offers a better grip for nails as the fibers are more horizontal and aligned, creating a stronger connection. Softwood sections and hardwood centers also provide better nail retention due to their fiber orientation and density, allowing for better holding power. Thus, nailing into the end grain is the least effective method when constructing wooden containers.